xiehe model

The basic process of CNC lathe machining parts

CNC machine tools can better solve complex, precise, small-batch and changeable parts processing problems. It is a flexible and efficient automatic machine tool. Shenzhen Xiehe has 13 years of experience in CNC processing, and has undertaken various precision CNC parts processing from all over the world. The following is a brief introduction to the basic process:

1. Reasonable selection of machine tools

The main factors considered when machining parts on CNC machine tools are the material and grade of the workpiece blank, the complexity of the contour shape of the part, size, machining accuracy, number of parts and heat treatment requirements. When choosing a machine tool, it is necessary to ensure the technical requirements of the processed parts and improve efficiency at the same time.

2. Process analysis of parts processed by CNC lathe

The technical analysis of CNC lathe processing involves a wide range of areas, and it is usually required that the dimensional data on the part drawing conform to the principle of convenient programming. The dimensioning method on the part drawing should adapt to the characteristics of CNC machining. In the drawing of CNC lathe C-machined parts, the size should be quoted on the same data, or the coordinate size should be given directly, and the conditions of the geometric elements constituting the outline of the part should be sufficient. The structural manufacturability of the workpiece should comply with the CNC

The characteristics of lathe processing. This marking method is not only convenient for programming, but also facilitates coordination between dimensions and improves efficiency.

3. Choice of processing method

The selection principle of the processing method is to ensure the processing accuracy and surface roughness of the processed surface. Since there are generally multiple processing methods to obtain the same level of precision and surface roughness, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the shape, size and heat treatment requirements of the part in the actual selection. In addition, practical conditions such as productivity, economic requirements, and production equipment should also be considered.

4. Determine the principle of processing plan

The processing of relatively precise surfaces on parts is often achieved step by step through rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing. For these surfaces, it is not enough to select the corresponding final processing method according to the quality requirements, but also to correctly determine the processing plan from the rough to the final shape. When determining the processing plan, the processing method required to meet these requirements should be preliminarily determined according to the requirements for the main surface accuracy and surface roughness.

5. Division of process steps

The process of machining parts on CNC machine tools can be relatively concentrated, and most or all of the processes can be completed in one clamping as much as possible. First of all, according to the part drawing, consider whether the processed part can be processed on the CNC machine tool. If not, a decision should be made as to which part will be machined on the CNC machine and which will be machined on the other machine. That is, the processing process of dividing parts.

6. Parts installation and fixture selection

The installation of parts strives to unify the benchmarks of design, process, programming and calculation, and avoids manual adjustment of processing schemes. As efficiently as possible, all surfaces to be machined are machined in one positioning and clamping. Make sure that the coordinate direction of the fixture and the coordinate direction of the machine tool are relatively fixed, and the parts on the fixture should not hinder the machining of the surface of the part by the machine tool. That is, the fixture should be opened and positioned, and the parts of the clamping mechanism should not affect the tool (such as collision, etc.) during processing.

7. Selection of tool and determination of cutting amount

Tool selection is one of the important factors in the CNC machining process. It not only affects the processing efficiency of the machine tool, but also directly affects the processing quality. When programming, the selection of tools usually takes into account factors such as the processing capacity of the machine tool, the content of the process, and the material of the workpiece. Cutting amount includes spindle speed (cutting speed), backcut amount, and feed amount.

8. Selection of cutting oil

Cutting oil plays a role in protecting the tool and improving the machining efficiency during the whole machining process. When selecting cutting oil, it is usually necessary to decide which cutting oil to use based on the material of the workpiece, the type of equipment, the process method, the performance of the tool and other factors. In addition to the above direct factors, other properties of the cutting oil are also required to meet the requirements, such as anti-oxidation performance, anti-rust performance, cooling performance, etc.

9. Determination of processing route

In CNC machining, the trajectory of the tool position relative to the workpiece movement is called the machining route, which requires high positioning accuracy and the positioning process should be as fast as possible. In addition, the axial movement dimension of the tool should also be determined, which is mainly determined by the hole depth of the machined part, but some auxiliary dimensions, such as the lead-in distance and overtravel of the tool, should also be considered.